Meta inobatwa nemwaranzi inobatwa nemaoko, inozivikanwawo seyakabatwa nemwaranzi detector, chinhu chinotakurika chinoshandiswa kuyera uye kuona kuvepo kwemwaranzi munzvimbo yakatenderedza.Midziyo iyi maturusi akakosha kune nyanzvi dzinoshanda munzvimbo dzakaita sesimba renyukireya, hutano hwehutano, kutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye mhinduro yechimbichimbi, pamwe nekune vanhu vane hanya nekugona kufumurwa nemwaranzi.
Saka, anoita sei aruoko rwemwaranzi mitakushanda?Zvishandiso izvi zvinoshanda zvichibva pamisimboti yekuonekwa kwemwaranzi uye kuyerwa.Kune akati wandei marudzi emamita emwaranzi inobatwa neruoko, imwe neimwe ichishandisa akasiyana matekinoroji kuona uye kuyera radiation.Imwe mhando yakajairika ndeye Geiger-Muller (GM) detector, iyo ine gasi-yakazadzwa chubhu inoburitsa kupuruzira kwemagetsi kana mwaranzi ichipindirana nemamorekuru egasi mukati mechubhu.Imwe mhando ndeye scintillation detector, iyo inoshandisa crystal inoburitsa chiedza kana yarohwa nemwaranzi particles.Pamusoro pezvo, semiconductor madetectors, akadai seaya anoshandisa silicon kana germanium, anoshandiswawo mumawoko emamita emwaranzi.
Kana mwaranzi yasangana nedetector, inoburitsa chiratidzo chinozogadziriswa uye chinoratidzwa pachiratidziro chemudziyo.Maverengero acho anowanzo sanganisira mwero wedosi yemwaranzi, inoratidzwa mumayuniti akadai semamicrosieverts paawa (µSv/h), pamwe chete nedosi rose rakaunganidzwa nekufamba kwenguva.Mamwe mamita eradiation anobatwa nemaoko anogona kupawo ruzivo nezve rudzi rwemwaranzi yakaonekwa, senge alpha, beta, kana gamma radiation.
Pamusoro pekuona uye kuyera radiation, inobatwa nemwaranzi mita inogadzirwa kuti ive mushandisi-inobatika uye inotakurika.Ivo vakashongedzerwa neakasiyana maficha ekuwedzera mashandiro avo uye nyore kushandisa.Mamodheru mazhinji ane compact uye lightweight dhizaini, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutakura uye kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.Zvinowanzo sanganisira chiratidziro chedhijitari chinoratidza mazinga emwaranzi chaiwo-nguva, pamwe chete nemaaramu anonzwika uye ekuona kuti azivise mushandisi kune angangoita njodzi yemwaranzi.Mimwe michina inopawo kugona kutema data, ichibvumira vashandisi kurekodha uye kuongorora kuyerwa kwemwaranzi nekufamba kwenguva.
Zvikumbiro zveakabatwa nemwaranzi mitazvakasiyana-siyana uye zvakasiyana-siyana.Muindasitiri yesimba renyukireya, zvishandiso izvi zvinoshandiswa kutarisa mazinga emwaranzi mumagetsi emagetsi enyukireya, nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa, uye panguva yekufambisa kwezvinhu zvine radioactive.Muhutano hwehutano, vanoshandirwa kuyera kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi mumaitirwo ekufungidzira ekurapa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vekurapa nevarwere.Masangano anoona nezvezvakatipoteredza anoshandisa mamita emwaranzi anobatwa nemaoko kuongorora mwero wemwaranzi munzvimbo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa netsaona dzenyukireya kana kusvibiswa kwemwaranzi.Uyezve, vanopindura zvechimbichimbi vanovimba nemidziyo iyi kuti vaongorore njodzi dzemwaranzi panguva yezviitiko zvakaita setsaona dzemumaindasitiri, njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, kana zviito zvehugandanga zvinosanganisira zvinhu zveradioactive.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kunyangwe ruoko rwakabata radiation metres ari maturusi akakosha ekuona uye kuyera radiation, haisi inotsiva nzira dzekuchengetedza radiation uye matanho ekudzivirira.Vashandisi vanofanirwa kuwana kudzidziswa nezve mashandisiro akakodzera emidziyo iyi uye nekunzwisisa zvipimo zvemamita eradiation inobatwa nemaoko munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemwaranzi.Pamusoro pezvo, kugaro gadzirisa uye kugadzirisa kwemidziyo kwakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi uye yakavimbika zviyero.
Mukupedzisa,akabatwa nemwaranzi mitakuita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza njodzi dzinogona kuitika mumwaranzi munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzehunyanzvi uye dzemunhu.Nekushandisa tekinoroji yekuongorora uye mushandisi-ane hushamwari maficha, aya maturusi anotakurika anoita kuti vanhu nemasangano vatarise uye vapindure kunjodzi dzemwaranzi nemazvo.Kunzwisisa mabatirwo emagetsi eradiation metres anoshanda uye mashandisiro awo kwakakosha mukusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwemwaranzi uye kuchengetedza hutano hweveruzhinji uye nharaunda.
Nguva yekutumira: May-20-2024