Musi waNyamavhuvhu 24, Japan yakavhura kubuda kwemvura yetsvina yakasvibiswa netsaona yenyukireya yeFukushima muPacific Ocean.Parizvino, zvichibva pane data reruzhinji reTEPCO muna Chikumi 2023, tsvina yakagadzirirwa kuburitsa inonyanya kuve: basa reH-3 rinenge 1.4 x10⁵Bq / L;basa reC-14 ndiro 14 Bq / L;I-129 iri 2 Bq / L;basa reCo-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m uye Cs-137 iri 0.1-1 Bq / L. Panyaya iyi, hatitarise chete pa tritium mu. nyukireya tsvina yemvura, asiwo panjodzi dzinogona kuitika dzemamwe radionuclides.TepCO yakangoburitsa iyo yakazara α uye yakazara β radioactive chiitiko data remvura yakasvibiswa, uye haina kuzivisa data rekuisa chepfu yakanyanya ultra-uranium nuclides seNp-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am- 241, Am-243 uye Cm-242, inovawo imwe yenjodzi huru dzekuchengetedza pakuburitswa kwemvura ine nyukireya mugungwa.
Environmental radiation pollution itsvina yakavanzika, kana yangogadzirwa ichave nechakaipa kune vagari vakatenderedza.Pamusoro pezvo, kana iyo biological kana kutapurirana midhiya yakatenderedza radioactive sosi yakasvibiswa neradionuclide, inogona kutapuriranwa kubva padanho rakaderera kuenda padanho repamusoro kuburikidza necheni yechikafu uye ichienderera mberi ichipfumiswa mumaitiro ekutapurirana.Kana izvi zvinosvibisa radioactive zvapinda mumuviri wemunhu kuburikidza nechikafu, zvinogona kuungana mumuviri wemunhu, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu.
Kuti udzikise kana kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwekufumurwa kwemwaranzi kune veruzhinji uye kuchengetedza hutano hweveruzhinji kusvika padanho repamusoro, "International Basic Safety Standards for Radiation Protection uye Radiation Source Safety" inotara kuti zviremera zvine hunyanzvi zvinogadzira danho rereferenzi rema radionuclides muchikafu. .
MuChina, zviyero zvakakodzera zvakagadzirirwa kuti zvionekwe akati wandei akajairika radionuclids.Miyero yekuonekwa kweiyo radioactive zvinhu muchikafu inosanganisira GB 14883.1 ~ 10- -2016 "National Standard Yekuchengetedza Chikafu: Kutemerwa kwezvinhu zvine radioactive muChikafu" uye GB 8538- -
2022 "National Standard for Food Safety Drinking Natural Mineral Water", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "Radioactive Index for Standard Inspection Nzira dzeMvura Inonwa", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Kutsunga kwe γ Radionuclide mu Export Yakanyanya-munyu Chikafu ", WS / T 234- -2002 "Kuyera kweRadioactive Substances muChikafu-241", nezvimwewo.
Idzo nzira dzekuona radionuclide uye midziyo yekuyeresa muchikafu inowanikwa mumayero ndeaya anotevera:
| Ongorora chirongwa chacho | analytical equipment | Mimwe midziyo yakakosha | standard |
| α, β gross chiitiko | Yakaderera kumashure α, β counter | GB / T5750.13- -2006 Radioactive Index of Standard Test Nzira dzeMvura uye yekunwa Mvura | |
| tritium | Low-background liquid scintillation counter | Organotritium-carbon sampuli yekugadzirira mudziyo; Triitium concentration yekuunganidza mudziyo mumvura; | GB14883.2-2016 Kutemerwa kweRadioactive Material Hydrogen-3 muChikafu, National Standard yeKuchengetedza Kwekudya |
| Strontium-89 uye strontium-90 | Yakaderera kumashure α, β counter | GB14883.3-2016 Kutemerwa kweStrr-89 uye Strr-90 muNational Standard Yekuchengetedza Chikafu. | |
| Adventitia-147 | Yakaderera kumashure α, β counter | GB14883.4-2016 Kutemerwa kweRadioactive Substances muChikafu-147, National Standard yeChikafu Chekuchengetedza. | |
| Polonium-210 | α spectrometer | Magetsi sediments | GB 14883.5-2016 Kutemerwa kwePolonium-210 muNational Standard yeKuchengetedza Kwekudya |
| Rum-226 uye radium-228 | Radon Thorium Analyzer | GB 14883.6-2016 National Food Safety Standards | |
| Natural thorium uye uranium | Spectrophotometer, tsvaga uranium analyzer | GB 14883.7-2016 Kutemerwa kwe Natural Thorium uye Uranium seRadioactive Materials muNational Standard yeKuchengetedza Kwekudya. | |
| Plutonium-239, plutonium-24 | α spectrometer | Magetsi sediments | GB 14883.8-2016 Kutemerwa kweplutonium-239 uye plutonium-240 radioactive zvinhu muNational Standard yeChikafu Chengetedzo. |
| Iodine-131 | High kuchena germanium γ spectrometer | GB 14883.9-2016 Kutemerwa kweIodine-131 muChikafu, National Standard for Food Safety |
kurudziro yechigadzirwa
midziyo yokuyeresa
Yakaderera-background αβ counter
Mucherechedzo: kernel muchina
Muenzaniso nhamba: RJ 41-4F
Profile yechigadzirwa:
Kuyerera kwemhando yakaderera kumashure α, β yekuyeresa chiridzwa chinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvakatipoteredza samples, kuchengetedzwa kwemwaranzi, mushonga uye hutano, sainzi yezvekurima, kupinza uye kunze kwenyika commodity kuongorora, geological exploration, nuclear power plant nemamwe minda mumvura, biological samples, aerosol, chikafu. , mushonga, ivhu, dombo uye mamwe midhiya mune yakazara α yakazara β kuyerwa.
Iyo gobvu inotungamira inodzivirira mukamuri yekuyera inovimbisa yakadzika kwazvo kumashure, yakakwirira yekuona kushanda kweyakaderera radioactive chiitiko samples, uye 2,4,6,8,10 chiteshi chinogona kugadzirwa.
Yakakwirira-kuchena germanium γ simba spectrometer
Mucherechedzo: kernel muchina
Muenzaniso nhamba: RJ 46
Profile yechigadzirwa:
RJ 46 digitaalinen yakakwirira kuchena germanium yakaderera kumashure spectrometer inonyanya kusanganisira itsva yakakwirira kuchena germanium yakaderera kumashure spectrometer.Iyo spectrometer inoshandisa chidimbu chiitiko kuverenga modhi kuti iwane simba (amplitude) uye ruzivo rwenguva yechiratidzo chekubuda cheHPGe detector uye kuichengeta.
α spectrometer
Mucherechedzo: kernel muchina
Muenzaniso nhamba: RJ 49
Profile yechigadzirwa:
Alpha simba rekutarisa tekinoroji yekuyera tekinoroji uye zviridzwa zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukuongororwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye hutano (senge thorium aerosol kuyerwa, kuongororwa kwechikafu, hutano hwevanhu, nezvimwewo), kutsvaga zviwanikwa (uranium ore, oiri, gasi rechisikigo, nezvimwewo) uye geological chimiro. kuongorora (zvakadai semvura yepasi, geological subsidence) uye mamwe minda.
RJ 494-channel Alpha spectrometer iri PIPS semiconductor chiridzwa chakazvimiririra chakagadziridzwa neShanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. Iyo spectrometer ine mana α chiteshi, imwe neimwe inogona kuyerwa panguva imwe chete, inogona kupfupisa zvakanyanya mutengo wenguva yekuyedza uye nekukurumidza kuwana. mhinduro dzekuyedza.
Low-background liquid scintillation counter
Mucherechedzo:HIDEX
Nhamba yemuenzaniso: 300SL-L
Profile yechigadzirwa:
Liquid scintillation counter imhando yezviridzwa zvine hunyanzvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa kuyera kuyerwa kweradioactive α uye β nuclides mumidhiya yemvura, senge radioactive tritium, kabhoni-14, iodine-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 uye mamwe nuclides.
Mvura radium analyzer
Mucherechedzo: PYLON
Muenzaniso: AB7
Profile yechigadzirwa:
Iyo Pylon AB7 Inotakurika Radiological Monitor ndiyo inotevera chizvarwa cherabhoritari level zviridzwa zvinopa nekukurumidza uye kwakaringana kuyerwa kweradon zvemukati.
Mimwe midziyo yakakosha
Triitium concentration yekuunganidza mudziyo mumvura
Mucherechedzo: Yi Xing
Muenzaniso nhamba: ECTW-1
Profile yechigadzirwa:
Iko kusungirirwa kwe tritium mumvura yegungwa kwakadzikira, kunyangwe iyo yakanakisa yekuona michina haigone kuyerwa, saka, masampuli ane yakaderera kumashure anofanirwa kuve pretreatment, ndiko kuti, electrolysis concentration nzira.Iyo ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic muunganidzi inogadzirwa nekambani yedu inonyanya kushandiswa kwe electrolytic concentration ye tritium mumvura yakaderera, iyo inogona kutarisisa tritium samples pazasi peyekuonekwa muganhu we liquid flash counter kusvika yanyatso kuyerwa.
Organotritium-carbon sampuli yekugadzirira mudziyo
Mucherechedzo: Yi Xing
Muenzaniso nhamba: OTCS11 / 3
Profile yechigadzirwa:
OTCS11 / 3 Organic tritium carbon sampling device inoshandisa musimboti weorganic samples pasi petembiricha yekupisa oxidation mukupisa kwakanyanya aerobic nharaunda kugadzira mvura uye kabhoni dioxide, kuona kugadzirwa kwe tritium uye kabhoni-14 mune biological samples, yakakodzera kurapwa kunotevera. liquid scintillation counter kuyera chiitiko che tritium uye kabhoni-14.
Magetsi sediments
Mucherechedzo: Yi Xing
Muenzaniso nhamba: RWD-02
Profile yechigadzirwa:
RWD-02 i α spectrometer yakagadziridzwa neShanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. zvichibva pamakore emuenzaniso pretreatment ruzivo.Yakagadzirirwa kugadzirira α simba spectrum yekuongorora samples, uye inokodzera mushonga wenyukireya uye radioisotope yekutsvaga uye ndima yekushandisa.
α spectrometer chimwe chemidziyo yakakosha yerabhoritari yekuongorora mwaranzi uye inogona kuongorora nuclides ine α kuora.Kana zvakakosha kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekuongorora, danho rakakosha kugadzira masampuli.RWD-02 electrodeposition er iri nyore kushandisa, iyo inorerutsa zvakanyanya maitiro ekugadzira sampuli, kuita masampuli maviri panguva imwe uye kuvandudza kushanda kwemuenzaniso kugadzirira.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-31-2023